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Ancient Mesoamerica News Updates 2011, No. 8: Tlatelolco, Mexico-Three Wooden lintels Exhibit To Be At The National Museum of Anthropology
Düring construction work close to the Plaza de las Tres Culturas, the center of Tlatelolco, three wooden lintels Were discovered in 1992. The lintels Are Between 500 to 800 years old and kept Were specific process through to Which Took Some 15 years. All three lintels Will Be on show for the very first time at the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City as part of the exhibit Entitled "six ancient cities in Mesoamerica. Society and Environment." This new exhibit will open at the Mexico City museum in early March of this year and is curated by archaeologist Eduardo Matos Moctezuma (edited by amanu; photo: INAH):
will show prehispanic lintels Tlatelolco - Three wooden lintels with a length of between 500 and 800 years old that were part of one of the ancient temples that may have seen Cortez to arrive at Tlatelolco, be shown to the public for the first time after have been restored by the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH), in a process that lasted over 15 years.
The ancient architectural elements, with a weight of 200 kilos each, are considered among the few examples of pre-Hispanic times found until today, and will be exhibited as part of pre-Hispanic pieces of the most prominent- 400 - that make up the major exhibit six ancient cities in Mesoamerica. Society and Environment, curated by maestro Eduardo Matos Moctezuma, and will be presented at the National Museum of Anthropology from the first days of March.
This is an unprecedented exhibition so gather under one roof more than four hundred pieces of ancient pre-Columbian cities of Monte Alban, Palenque, El Tajin, Teotihuacan, Tlatelolco Tenochtiltlan and, through this collection for the first time address these important civilizations from environmental and social environment in which they flourished. Tlatelolco
The lintels were found in September 1992, during the construction of the building then occupied the Mexican Foreign Ministry, in the vicinity of the Plaza de las Tres Culturas ", the same year, after evaluating their conservation status, since they remained submerged in the subsoil long around 600 years, a method was designed to slow its deterioration, which began in 1993.
"Undoubtedly, the lintels were rescued from one of the buildings that impressed Cortez to arrive at Tlatelolco, they presented a scene carved in bas-relief sequence, suggesting that should be part of the same temple with three hits "said the INAH archaeologist Carballal Margarita, who led rescue work pieces for almost two decades.
"The rescue was made under difficult conditions because they were at the table and covered with mud," recalled the researcher, when referring to the antiquity of the pieces was estimated at the time under the splendor of Tlatelolco, to the Late Postclassic (1200 -1521 AD).
The pieces made of pine wood ayacahuite, have a length of 1.90, 2.20 and 2.35, between 50 and 60 cm wide and 20 to 26 cm thick, would have accrued to the top of the entrances to a building that could have had a civil-religious use, this according to historical documents referring to temples in the area where they were found.
Meanwhile, Luisa Mainou, restorer National Coordination of Cultural Heritage Conservation responsible for the preservation of these architectural elements throughout the decade and a half, said to get to the workshops, the wood was waterlogged, ie that the pieces were saturated with water and even with some parts in a state of putrefaction, which resulted in the loss of physical and mechanical properties and chemical characteristic of sound wood.
However, "considering that the pieces were in water about 600 years, the condition still was good, which was mainly due to wood type and thickness, as if they were thin because they would have disintegrated and all the outside was rotten, "explained the restoration.
parts intervention began with a study of the physical-mechanical and chemical properties of wood, which allowed us to determine different states of decay from the inside out. Subsequently led to the cleaning and application of preventive treatment to prevent drying of the timber, and the application of fungicide to prevent fungus growth. Luisa
Mainou abounded that for removal of water from the wood, was used to wet-dry method, which is gradually drying wood by replacing the glass with a polymer to keep the size and shape of each piece without collapse and spray timber.
Also, the pieces weighing about 300 kg at the time of discovery, reduced his weight for over 15 years in which they made the replacement of water, also recovering a structural level acceptable to manipulate with greater security, Restorative abounded.
also said during the final stage of restoration was the consolidation of the lintels, with which guarantee the necessary conditions to be exhibited for the first time, thereby achieving the meaningfulness of these parts to restore their historic and aesthetic value. Mainou restorer named said that the lintel 248, involved a larger work, because it presented a longitudinal fracture, the two parties were to unite by a method which took several months to design.
pointed out that different conservation processes that have been applied to the doorposts of Tlatelolco, are the result of several years of previous research, since each piece had a different behavior in spite of coming from the same place. "It was a delicate and gradual in which at any given time to be creative because we can not copy processes Europeans because they do not correspond to the characteristics of Mexico. "
Iconography of the lintels of Tlatelolco - According to the archaeologist Margarita Carballal, lintels from the twin city of Tenochtitlan, is a unique example of the complex pre-Hispanic iconography.
In one of them, there are characters in procession to a center where there is a solar disc decorated with two large jade stones chalchihuites symbolizing the precious water. About that ring there are 18 small circles and six rays, the center is observed ollin glyph that represents the movement.
Individuals are richly dressed and carry different symbols and elements, some related to deities associated with rain.
The display of the three lintels for the first time, will take place in Exhibition Hall Temporary National Anthropology Museum, as part of the sample six ancient cities in Mesoamerica. Society and Environment, which will bring together 400 pieces in an unprecedented way the ancient pre-Columbian cities of Monte Alban, Palenque, El Tajin, Teotihuacan, Tenochtiltlan and Tlatelolco. (Source INAH)