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The nose has several functions and are

breathing is the most important function and is to supply a flow of inspired air with appropriate temperature of 37 º C and 75% relative humidity laryngo-tracheobronchial tree bronchopulmonary.
filtration by the mucosal lining of the nasal vestibule whose glands secrete a mucous solution trapping foreign bodies contained in the air act in conjunction with the vibrissae or nasal hairs air conditioning before its passage through the internal nasal valve which is the narrowest portion of the nasal airway area increased resistance inspiratory and has 56 mm2 and an angle of 10 to 15 º.

In leptorhines, with long, narrow nose is a resistance to air flow of 50%. There is less resistance in New World monkeys snub nose and nostrils horizontality.

The turbinates (turbinates ) exert vasoconstriction and vasodilation. The inferior turbinate valvular exert their effect by increasing or decreasing the turbulence of air entering the nasal cavity. In the new world monkeys are the main regulators of airflow.

regulating outside air temperature at 37 ° C that penetrates inside, these functions are regulated by the septum (the structures that contribute to these functions by the septum are the septal cartilage , the perpendicular plate the ethmoid, the nasal crest of maxilla and vomer ) turbinates and nasal valve internal and external.

olfaction has in cribriform plate of ethmoid a portion of nasal mucous membrane, the olfactory bulb and it through specialized olfactory filaments from the cranial nerve II that are responsible for sensory function.
protection of the face and skull
air flow of the external nose (vestibule) passes the internal valve where the air column narrows increasing air flow velocity, thus passing along the middle meatus between the middle turbinate and septum and along the top edge of the middle turbinate . The turbinates (upper, middle and bottom) are extensions of the nasal mucosa and are located in the lateral nasal wall , mid-contract and dilate by the autonomic nervous system. Its functions are to assist in the transport of air and moisture condition the inspired and expired air. The inferior turbinate especially its anterior part is the one that opposes resistance airflow.
air stream entering the nasal cavity is also moistened by the secretion of pseudo-stratified epithelium , ciliated mucosa of the nasal cavity .

The nasal cavity has a direct communication to through the meatus, with sinuses that affects the resonance of the voice

The internal nasal valve
Its boundaries are:

side ....... cornet and inferior nasal (anterior head)

superior ..... lower edge of upper lateral cartilage

medial ....... septum

inferi r ...... nasal floor

Later (back)

Includes "nasal isthmus, formed by the

hole piriform , nasal floor and the upper lateral cartilage.

The junction between septum and upper lateral cartilage forms an angle of 10 to 15 and may be responsible for up to 50% resistance to airflow and is narrow segment through which the flow air.

PHYSICAL LAWS relating to nasal airflow

These physical laws explain the volume and the behavior of air that enters the nasal cavity.

OHM law reads in part, that the air flow is inversely proportional to the resistance that has its way, less flow the greater the resistance to airflow and directly proportional to the difference in pressure between nostril and nasopharynx, examples of resistance to air passage are inflamed mucosa in rhinitis, deviated septum or turbinate hypertrophy (hypertrophied turbinates)

BERNOULLI law reads in part that the total flow of air at the end of each cylinder must be equal. If there is any difference in the diameter of the cylinders, the flow rate varies, for example, a constricted nasal valve leads to an increase in air flow velocity causing a negative pressure to collapse internal nasal valve.

Poiseuille's law says in part that the flow is inversely proportional to the length of the tube or is there more airflow the lower the resistance to air flow either constricted valve, septal deviation, turbinates hypertrophied or rhinitis increases the thickness of the nasal mucosa and oppose the passage of the airstream.

acoustic rhinometry

test that is performed to determine whether the nose or not a difficulty for the passage of air.

Magnetic Resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT)

help the diagnosis of diseases that interfere with the passage of air.