HISTORICAL REFLECTION AND WORK Kantian It is commonplace to make the presentation of this great German philosopher (the greatest of all time, certainly) always telling the same anecdotes trivial: its alleged misogyny, its naps, their occasional walk around the town, its pathological predisposition singleness, and others. But Kant was a strictly revolutionary thinker, advocate of a radical liberalism based on the primacy of reason and the inevitability of human progress toward its right and to his emancipation. And strongly encourage the humanity in that same sense of emancipation devoted the bulk of their production and their teachers.
The news came from the insurgent British colonies of North America, to be constituted as a sovereign state and law, as well as the Revolution of 1776, the philosopher of Konigsberg received them in a state of euphoria and excitement unbecoming of an intellectual or a speculative thinker metaphysical 'pure'. It is interesting that the Independence and U.S. Constitution antecitada occurred on the date when I. Kant was fifty years old and had not yet to print any of his major works: The Critique of Pure Reason (1781), the metaphysical foundation of morals (1785), the Critique of Practical Reason (1788), and The Critique of Judgement (1790). Thus, it is clear that these historical events had to greatly influence their mood and content of its production, especially production of 'practice'. But its practical-revolutionary vocation was not neglected either the role of receiving news from overseas or revolutionary France. Kant was always aware of the potential power subverter who had their words spoken and written in the cultural milieu to which they were intended, which in principle were those of East Prussia, which was located the city of Konigsberg in college which taught her teaching. And he was well aware that Prussia was also part of a complex checkerboard in which social forces interact, cultural, ideological and economic needs, in accordance with the predictions of Voltaire, would have to rise to a decidedly modern and liberated Europe, free of the ballast, ties and conventions of decadent Ancienne Régime. Conscious, therefore, all the critical load (in a medical sense) that was the time I was living, he began to preach his 'Catechism of Enlightenment', and lay the foundations for a practical reason whose two goals would be the foundation for excellence sound morality and, by extension, politics, policy since the late eighteenth-century revolutions would be based on the principles of national sovereignty, and formal democracy, remarkably revolutionary goals in the second half of Europe century XVIII. But these formal goals Kant added some other more practical and 'material' as was that of achieving a civil society, a Republican, demilitarized and established on the achievement of perpetual peace and harmony between peoples.
When the revolutionary wave swept through Europe since the French Republic, time which coincided with the publication of two works on philosophy of religion (1793: "Religion within the limits of pure reason" and "Religion in the limits of pure reason ", the same year was executed Louis XVI and his family in Paris), Kant was forced by Wollner, Prime Minister of Emperor Frederick William II, to remain silent on this issue and will not post any letter in which they were the same. Obeyed. But when four years later began the reign of Frederick William III published everything that had been working on this issue during his time in enforced silence, and a Treaty on the faculties in which protested the measure which had been . This year was also the first of his voluntary retirement. From 1797 to 1804 was devoted to organizing, a task that could not finish his philosophical literary legacy. They are famous for their short, concise and very Kantian last words: "It is gut", "OK".
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